Loss of Control
Every individual cell in your body is influenced by hormones like Antidiuretic hormone and Enkephalin from outside the cell and some other chemical regulators in the cells. These substances will control the actions of the cell. They will instruct the cells when to grow and how much, when to be inactive and how they will interact with other cells.
Cancer cells have those controls shut off. They do their own thing without limit. They are always active at the maximum level. Those same cancer cells also lose their ability to interact with their neighbors and then can mobilize and metastasize.
Changes in DNA
All malignant tumors have lost their controls because the DNA in the cell has been damaged. DNA is the programming mechanism in the cell that controls all of its functions. That DNA is damaged by mechanical means, x-rays or toxins. It will start to act out of control. Viruses are also known to cause the DNA damage known to cause malignancies.
Damaged DNA can also be passed from parent to child. That DNA can change a cell into a cancer if there is either some trigger that the cell contacts or further damage to that DNA.
Immortal Cells
The cells in the body normally will live a certain amount of time and then die (with some exceptions). They will then be replaced by new healthy cells. Cancer cells don't usually die. Even if they are exceptionally abnormal, they continue to grow and divide. So, those cells produce tumors and spread.
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Mr. O'Malley - Grey's Anatomy
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Types of Cancer
The many cancers can be organized into five basic types. Those are Central nervous system cancers, Leukemia, Carcinoma, Sarcoma as well as Lymphoma and Myeloma.
Central nervous system cancers - these are cancer tumors that start in the brain and spinal cord. Leukemia - these cancers start in the tissues that produce blood - such as the bone marrow - and then release the cells into the blood. Carcinoma - these are cancers that start in the skin or the tissues that line internal organs. Sarcoma - Sarcomas are cancer tumors that start in connective tissue. Connective tissue is the tissue between the organs and other structures. Those tissues include things like fat, bone, muscle, blood vessels and cartilage. Lymphoma and myeloma - these cancers start in the cells that normally protect the body - the immune system.
Now that you know what a cancer is, you can learn how to possibly prevent it, or if needed how to treat it.
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